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BNC E-news for the week of May 23rd
by Anthrop, Heather L 23 May '16

23 May '16

Missing phone in BRK 1201. If you have borrowed this phone, please return it ASAP. ECE 695 Quantum and Topological Effects in Photonics and Phononics [cid:image002.jpg@01D1B4CA.7FFA0420]

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ANOTHER REVISION - BNC VIBRATION
by Weaver, John R 20 May '16

20 May '16

Pepper had an equipment problem and WILL NOT BE DOING ANY MORE VIBRATION-CREATING WORK TODAY. THEY WILL FINISH THE WORK ON MONDAY BETWEEN 7:00 AM AND 3:30 PM. I will notify everyone when they finish. John John R. Weaver Strategic Facilities Officer Birck Nanotechnology Center 1205 West State Street West Lafayette IN 47907 (765) 494-5494 jrweaver(a)purdue.edu<mailto:jrweaver@purdue.edu> nano.purdue.edu

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Change of plans - BNC vibrations
by Weaver, John R 20 May '16

20 May '16

Notice: There is a change of plans that reduces the amount of time that vibration events will take place at the BNC. Work today, Friday, 20 May 2016, will continue until 5:00 pm. Please note that there will be vibration-creating activities until 5:00 pm today. We expect to cancel the vibration alert for next Monday and Tuesday. We will keep everyone updated. John John R. Weaver Strategic Facilities Officer Birck Nanotechnology Center 1205 West State Street West Lafayette IN 47907 (765) 494-5494 jrweaver(a)purdue.edu<mailto:jrweaver@purdue.edu> nano.purdue.edu From: Denecke, Jacob M Sent: Friday, May 20, 2016 2:01 PM To: 'Tom Lernihan' <TLernihan(a)pepperconstruction.com>; Nikolaidis, Natasha N <nnikolai(a)purdue.edu>; Rudolph, Stephen G <sgrudolph(a)purdue.edu>; Schlegel, Sylvia L <sschlege(a)purdue.edu>; Shakouri, Ali <shakouri(a)purdue.edu>; Standifer, Anthony N <anstandifer(a)purdue.edu>; Voorhis, Mark L. <mvoorhis(a)purdue.edu>; Weaver, John R <jrweaver(a)purdue.edu> Cc: Yuvaraaj S <yuvaraaj(a)pepperconstruction.com>; Chris Rayner <CRayner(a)pepperconstruction.com>; Nicholas Abrams <NAbrams(a)pepperconstruction.com>; McKinsey O'Neil <mckinseyoneil(a)pepperconstruction.com> Subject: RE: Flex Lab Facility - Notice of Vibration *CORRECTION* All, Are there any objections to Pepper working till 5:00 PM today to install the remaining H-piles? This would mean we would not be driving H-piles next week and could cancel the high vibration notice for next week. Regards, Jake Denecke, P.E. Capital Project Manager Purdue University Energy & Construction Ph: 765.494.6721 | Fax: 765.494.0918 | Cell: 815.762.2397 From: Tom Lernihan [mailto:TLernihan@pepperconstruction.com] Sent: Friday, May 20, 2016 9:53 AM To: Nikolaidis, Natasha N <nnikolai(a)purdue.edu<mailto:nnikolai@purdue.edu>>; Rudolph, Stephen G <sgrudolph(a)purdue.edu<mailto:sgrudolph@purdue.edu>>; Schlegel, Sylvia L <sschlege(a)purdue.edu<mailto:sschlege@purdue.edu>>; Shakouri, Ali <shakouri(a)purdue.edu<mailto:shakouri@purdue.edu>>; Standifer, Anthony N <anstandifer(a)purdue.edu<mailto:anstandifer@purdue.edu>>; Voorhis, Mark L. <mvoorhis(a)purdue.edu<mailto:mvoorhis@purdue.edu>>; Weaver, John R <jrweaver(a)purdue.edu<mailto:jrweaver@purdue.edu>>; Denecke, Jacob M <jdenecke(a)purdue.edu<mailto:jdenecke@purdue.edu>> Cc: Yuvaraaj S <yuvaraaj(a)pepperconstruction.com<mailto:yuvaraaj@pepperconstruction.com>>; Chris Rayner <CRayner(a)pepperconstruction.com<mailto:CRayner@pepperconstruction.com>>; Nicholas Abrams <NAbrams(a)pepperconstruction.com<mailto:NAbrams@pepperconstruction.com>>; McKinsey O'Neil <mckinseyoneil(a)pepperconstruction.com<mailto:mckinseyoneil@pepperconstruction.com>> Subject: RE: Flex Lab Facility - Notice of Vibration *CORRECTION* All, CORRECTION: My previous email issued a notice for April, in lieu of May. Sorry for the mistake. Vibration Update: - High vibration and Noise should be expected on the following dates & times: o Friday, May 20th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Monday, May 23rd - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Tuesday, May 24th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM Thanks, Tom Lernihan, LEED(r) AP BD+C Project Manager Pepper Construction of Indiana<http://www.pepperconstruction.com/> /// BREAKING GROUND Illinois . Indiana . Ohio M 317-557-7330 From: Tom Lernihan Sent: Friday, May 20, 2016 9:43 AM To: 'Nikolaidis, Natasha N'; 'Rudolph, Stephen G'; 'Schlegel, Sylvia L'; 'Shakouri, Ali'; 'Standifer, Anthony N'; 'Voorhis, Mark L.'; 'Weaver, John R'; 'Denecke, Jacob M' Cc: Yuvaraaj S; Chris Rayner; Nicholas Abrams; McKinsey O'Neil Subject: Flex Lab Facility - Notice of Vibration All, The construction project has run into an issue yesterday afternoon and we will need to extend the notice for high vibration activities through next Tuesday the 24th. Our apologies for the last minute extension, we are having difficulty locating existing underground utilities, and subsequently it has delayed our Earth Retention installation. Vibration Update: - High vibration and Noise should be expected on the following dates & times: o Friday, April 20th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Monday, April 23rd - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Tuesday, April 24th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM Thanks, Tom Lernihan, LEED(r) AP BD+C Project Manager Pepper Construction of Indiana<http://www.pepperconstruction.com/> /// BREAKING GROUND Illinois . Indiana . Ohio M 317-557-7330 From: Tom Lernihan Sent: Friday, May 06, 2016 9:38 AM To: 'Nikolaidis, Natasha N'; 'Rudolph, Stephen G'; 'Schlegel, Sylvia L'; 'Shakouri, Ali'; 'Standifer, Anthony N'; 'Voorhis, Mark L.'; 'Weaver, John R'; 'Denecke, Jacob M' Cc: Yuvaraaj S; Chris Rayner; Nicholas Abrams Subject: Flex Lab Facility - Notice of Vibration & Gates Road Work All, We wanted to provide an update to all of the adjacent buildings to the Flex Lab Facility that the following work will occur: Vibration Update: - Our contractors are expected to start the installing of the earth retention along the North side of Gates Road on Thursday May 12th This work will include the use of a vibratory attachment to an excavator to drive steel beams down 30' into the ground. - High vibration and Noise should be expected on the following dates & times: o Thursday, May 12th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Friday, April 13th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Monday, May 16th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Tuesday, May 17th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Wednesday, April 18th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Thursday, April 19th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Friday, April 20th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM Gates Road Work Update - Gates Road will remain open for full use of Truck and Vehicle traffic until Monday, May 9th 2016. - On Monday May 9th, fencing will be relocated, per the attached plan, that will prohibit delivery access to the Birck Nontechnology Center via Gates Road o Delivery to Bindley and Discovery Learning center will remain open at all times via Gates Road. o This revised fencing plan will remain in place for 6 - 12 months. Please let us know if there are any issues with this plan. Thanks, Tom Lernihan, LEED(r) AP BD+C Project Manager Pepper Construction of Indiana<http://www.pepperconstruction.com/> /// BREAKING GROUND Illinois . Indiana . Ohio . Texas T 317-681-5257 M 317-557-7330

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Vibration Events Extended
by Weaver, John R 20 May '16

20 May '16

All BNC Users: We have just been notified by Pepper Construction that the vibration-causing work that they have been doing has been extended for two more days, Monday May 23 and Tuesday, May 24. Although we were told yesterday that the work would be complete today, they have now notified us of the time extension. The amount of vibration transferred to the building during these activities is substantial, so please plan your research accordingly. Any vibration-sensitive research should be performed outside of these hours. Vibration-causing activities, Flex-Lab Construction: Friday, May 20, 7:00 am - 3:30 pm Monday, May 23, 7:00 am - 3:30 pm Tuesday, May 24, 7:00 am - 3:30 pm Thank you for your patience and understanding regarding this Purdue Physical Facilities and Pepper Construction project. Again, please contact me if you have research losses due to these disturbances. John John R. Weaver Strategic Facilities Officer Birck Nanotechnology Center 1205 West State Street West Lafayette IN 47907 (765) 494-5494 jrweaver(a)purdue.edu<mailto:jrweaver@purdue.edu> nano.purdue.edu From: Tom Lernihan [mailto:TLernihan@pepperconstruction.com] Sent: Friday, May 20, 2016 9:53 AM To: Nikolaidis, Natasha N <nnikolai(a)purdue.edu>; Rudolph, Stephen G <sgrudolph(a)purdue.edu>; Schlegel, Sylvia L <sschlege(a)purdue.edu>; Shakouri, Ali <shakouri(a)purdue.edu>; Standifer, Anthony N <anstandifer(a)purdue.edu>; Voorhis, Mark L. <mvoorhis(a)purdue.edu>; Weaver, John R <jrweaver(a)purdue.edu>; Denecke, Jacob M <jdenecke(a)purdue.edu> Cc: Yuvaraaj S <yuvaraaj(a)pepperconstruction.com>; Chris Rayner <CRayner(a)pepperconstruction.com>; Nicholas Abrams <NAbrams(a)pepperconstruction.com>; McKinsey O'Neil <mckinseyoneil(a)pepperconstruction.com> Subject: RE: Flex Lab Facility - Notice of Vibration *CORRECTION* All, CORRECTION: My previous email issued a notice for April, in lieu of May. Sorry for the mistake. Vibration Update: - High vibration and Noise should be expected on the following dates & times: o Friday, May 20th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Monday, May 23rd - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Tuesday, May 24th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM Thanks, Tom Lernihan, LEED(r) AP BD+C Project Manager Pepper Construction of Indiana<http://www.pepperconstruction.com/> /// BREAKING GROUND Illinois . Indiana . Ohio M 317-557-7330 From: Tom Lernihan Sent: Friday, May 20, 2016 9:43 AM To: 'Nikolaidis, Natasha N'; 'Rudolph, Stephen G'; 'Schlegel, Sylvia L'; 'Shakouri, Ali'; 'Standifer, Anthony N'; 'Voorhis, Mark L.'; 'Weaver, John R'; 'Denecke, Jacob M' Cc: Yuvaraaj S; Chris Rayner; Nicholas Abrams; McKinsey O'Neil Subject: Flex Lab Facility - Notice of Vibration All, The construction project has run into an issue yesterday afternoon and we will need to extend the notice for high vibration activities through next Tuesday the 24th. Our apologies for the last minute extension, we are having difficulty locating existing underground utilities, and subsequently it has delayed our Earth Retention installation. Vibration Update: - High vibration and Noise should be expected on the following dates & times: o Friday, April 20th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Monday, April 23rd - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Tuesday, April 24th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM Thanks, Tom Lernihan, LEED(r) AP BD+C Project Manager Pepper Construction of Indiana<http://www.pepperconstruction.com/> /// BREAKING GROUND Illinois . Indiana . Ohio M 317-557-7330 From: Tom Lernihan Sent: Friday, May 06, 2016 9:38 AM To: 'Nikolaidis, Natasha N'; 'Rudolph, Stephen G'; 'Schlegel, Sylvia L'; 'Shakouri, Ali'; 'Standifer, Anthony N'; 'Voorhis, Mark L.'; 'Weaver, John R'; 'Denecke, Jacob M' Cc: Yuvaraaj S; Chris Rayner; Nicholas Abrams Subject: Flex Lab Facility - Notice of Vibration & Gates Road Work All, We wanted to provide an update to all of the adjacent buildings to the Flex Lab Facility that the following work will occur: Vibration Update: - Our contractors are expected to start the installing of the earth retention along the North side of Gates Road on Thursday May 12th This work will include the use of a vibratory attachment to an excavator to drive steel beams down 30' into the ground. - High vibration and Noise should be expected on the following dates & times: o Thursday, May 12th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Friday, April 13th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Monday, May 16th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Tuesday, May 17th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Wednesday, April 18th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Thursday, April 19th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM o Friday, April 20th - 7:00 AM - 3:30 PM Gates Road Work Update - Gates Road will remain open for full use of Truck and Vehicle traffic until Monday, May 9th 2016. - On Monday May 9th, fencing will be relocated, per the attached plan, that will prohibit delivery access to the Birck Nontechnology Center via Gates Road o Delivery to Bindley and Discovery Learning center will remain open at all times via Gates Road. o This revised fencing plan will remain in place for 6 - 12 months. Please let us know if there are any issues with this plan. Thanks, Tom Lernihan, LEED(r) AP BD+C Project Manager Pepper Construction of Indiana<http://www.pepperconstruction.com/> /// BREAKING GROUND Illinois . Indiana . Ohio . Texas T 317-681-5257 M 317-557-7330

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Seminar today 9:30-10:30, Birck 1001, Greg Whiting, PARC
by Shakouri, Ali 18 May '16

18 May '16

FYI Printed, Flexible and Transient Electronics for Distributed Systems Greg Whiting PARC Wednesday May 18, 2016 9:30-10:30am Birck Nanotechnology Center Room 1001 Abstract: Unconventional electronic devices that are mechanically flexible, manufactured using printing techniques, or controllably transient can expand the distribution of functionality into spaces difficult to access with conventional componentry. The use of print-like techniques for the manufacture of electronics provides for a number of benefits including large-area coverage, deposition of an extensive set of materials, mass customization, facile integration of dissimilar materials with a variety of substrates, allows for systems with low mass and mechanical flexibility and potentially enables a more inclusive, distributed manufacturing model. This presentation will cover three approaches for printing electronics. 1) Fabricating devices entirely from solution-based materials, thereby maximizing the available design space and simplifying fabrication, but limiting performance and addressable applications due to materials properties, resolution of typical printing techniques, and process variability. 2) Integration of printed devices with pre-fabricated microelectronic components on flexible substrates, enabling more complex functionality such as RF communication and complex signal processing, but requiring more cumbersome assembly processes than with printing alone. 3) A digital electrostatic fluidic microassembly technique, capable of positional and orientational control of small objects including microelectronic devices, as an approach to bridge the length-scale gap between photolithography and common print techniques. By developing a wide set of printed components, including circuits, power sources, sensors, and others, complete stand-alone systems can be demonstrated for distributed sensing applications such as structural, health and environmental monitoring. For some distributed systems physical transience is a potentially useful function. This presentation will also describe an approach for achieving controllably transient electronic systems based on the use of a stress-engineered glass substrate, that rapidly disintegrates when triggered, fragmenting and dispersing the substrate and any thin electronic components processed onto it. Bio: Greg joined the Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in 2008 where he currently manages the Novel Electronics Group. He is interested in materials and processes for unconventional electronic systems - such as those that may be mechanically flexible and conformable, large area, widely distributed, controllably transient or manufactured using printing techniques, in order to address applications in areas including distributed sensing, wearable electronics, environmental monitoring, data security, and additive manufacturing. Prior to joining PARC he worked for Cambridge Display Technology, studying organic field-effect transistors, polymer/polymer blend photovoltaics, and polymer light-emitting diodes. Greg received a Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge in 2007 where his research focused principally on solar cells and field-effect transistors formed using surface-initiated polymer films. He received a B.S. degree from the University of California, Berkeley in 2002 where he studied solution processed polymer/nanoparticle solar cells. Greg has co-authored over 20 peer reviewed journal articles, holds 16 US patents, and his research has been covered by various media outlets including the New York Times, and IEEE Spectrum. He is an active member of a number of societies including the MRS and is an executive committee member of the AVS. His awards include a Flexi award from the FlexTech Alliance, a top performer award from DARPA, and he was recently nominated to attend the National Academy of Engineering Frontiers of Engineering Symposium.

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Main Stairway closed Thursday May 5-19-2016
by Totten, Mary J 17 May '16

17 May '16

Everyone, We will be closing the main stairwell on Thursday for stripping and re-waxing. You can use both elevators or the east and west stairwells to access the second floor. Again, thank you for your cooperation and please contact me if you have any questions. Thank you, Mary Jo Totten Birck Nanotechnology Center Discovery Park/Purdue University 1205 West State Street BRK 1220 West Lafayette, IN 47907-2057 (765) 496-1173 Life is 10% what happens to you and 90% how you react to it. Charles R. Swindoll

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BNC e-news for the week of May 16th
by Anthrop, Heather L 13 May '16

13 May '16

Graduate Student Offices Mailroom Closed ME597 Particle Image Velocimetry to be offered Fall 2016 Road Closure Seminar Graduate Student Offices We will start stripping and waxing grad offices again next week. If you have a note on your door from custodial services, please make sure that you move everything up off the floor so they can completely clean your office floor (Computer towers, boxes, refrigerators, etc.). Any questions, please ask Mary Jo. Mailroom Closed Mailroom will be closed Wednesday June 8th. We will be closing the mailroom on June 8th to get our floors stripped and waxed. Please make sure you get any shipments to us by Tuesday, or they will have to wait until Thursday. ME597 Particle Image Velocimetry to be offered Fall 2016 Hi all. I'm teaching the next iteration of my PIV class next fall. I've had good interest in it from AAE in the past so I thought I'd pass along the announcement to you guys. In response to student suggestions, this time around I'm going to expand it to a 3 credit-hour class with a hands-on laboratory component. The announcement is attached below. I understand that 3 credit hours is a commitment but student comments in previous years indicated that it was already more of a commitment than the previous 1 credit-hour designation gave credit for. Plus, with a 3 credit hour weight, it can stand along as a full class in a student's plan of study. The thing I'm really excited with this offering is the lab component. We'll do a couple hand-holding sort of experiments where the students are more-or-less lead through the laboratory but then move to experiments designed by the students where they're given a camera, a light source and a flow and told to do their best to measure the flow. We'll work with standard lab flows, i.e. wind tunnels, water tunnels, pipes, but then move on to non-typical flows such as insect swarms, snow storms, glaciers, rivers, etc. Students will finish the semester working on some experimental topic of interest to them. Often this is related to their MS or PhD research but I've had students branch out from their research topics and do something they were curious about. There have been more than a few journal articles generated as a result of this end of semester project. If you're curious about this class, either sign up or contact me for more information. Best, Steve Wereley [cid:image002.jpg@01D1AD29.E462A730] Physical Vapor Deposition Update A user wrote in this week's survey about challenges to get reservations on the RF sputtering system. The physical vapor deposition system area within Birck is one of the most frequently used, and of course we offer a variety of e-beam evaporators and sputtering systems. There is also one thermal evaporator. In addition we are getting more frequent requests for thin film deposition on flexible substrates. An analysis of all our physical vapor deposition capabilities was recently done, looking at user needs across the Birck research groups. As a result the BNC management team has approved the purchase of a new flexible substrate sputtering system, an upgrade of our current metals/dielectric system from 3 guns to 4, and the procurement of a completely refurbished e-beam evaporator for flexible substrates. The orders are being placed now and we should begin to see the new equipment capabilities later this summer/fall. Road Closure The section of Stadium Avenue immediately west of N. Martin Jischke Drive will be closed beginning Monday (May 16) and continuing through June 10 while infrastructure work is being completed in the area. The intersection of Stadium Avenue and N. Martin Jischke Drive will remain open. Motorists are encouraged to seek alternate routes, obey posted signs and use caution in the vicinity. Seminar Nanomanufacturing Preeminent Team Seminar Greg Whiting Palo Alto Research Center Printed, Flexible and Transient Electronics for Distributed Systems Wednesday, May 18th at 9:30 am in Birck 1001 For more information please visit: https://nanohub.org/groups/bnc/calendar/details/1455

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Reminder - Seminar TODAY featuring Austin J Minnich from California Institute of Technology
by Anthrop, Heather L 13 May '16

13 May '16

Austin J. Minnich Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Physics California Institute of Technology Seminar Friday, May 13th at 2:00 pm in Birck 2001 Heat under the microscope: Uncovering the microscopic processes that govern thermal transport Thermal transport is a ubiquitous process that incorporates a wide range of physics and plays an essential role in nearly every technological application, ranging from space power generation to consumer electronics. In many solids, heat is carried by phonons, or quanta of lattice vibrations. Compared to other energy carriers such as electrons or photons, the microscopic transport properties of thermal phonons remain remarkably poorly understood, with much of our understanding still based on semi-empirical studies from over fifty years ago. In this talk, I will describe our efforts to uncover the microscopic processes that govern thermal transport by phonons. In particular, I will describe how our advances in computation and experiment have enabled the first direct measurements of thermal phonon transmission coefficients at solid interfaces. I will demonstrate how these insights are advancing applications ranging from thermoelectric waste heat recovery to radio astronomy. Austin Minnich is an Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Physics at the California Institute of Technology. He received his Bachelor's degree from UC Berkeley in 2006 and his PhD from MIT in 2011, after which he started his position at Caltech. He is the recipient of a 2013 NSF CAREER Award and a 2015 ONR Young Investigator Award. His research interests focus on understanding the fundamental processes governing heat transport and using these insights to advance technologies for space exploration, consumer electronics, and energy conversion. [Macintosh HD:Users:aminnich:Pictures:2008:Graduation:IMG_0691 copy.JPG]

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3D3C Newsletter - April 2016
by Kwok, Tim 11 May '16

11 May '16

Dear All, Below please find the third issue of the newsletter of the 3D Cell Culture Core (3D3C) Facility of the Birck Nanotechnology Center. The newsletter is also available online (https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news) The four sections in the newsletter are: 3D at Purdue – this section highlights 3D cell culture-based research activity at Purdue 3D in focus – this section presents the current work on a specific 3D cell culture model or technique 3D in publications – this section brings a collection of recent publications on 3D cell culture 3D in meetings – this section includes a list of upcoming meetings related to 3D cell culture The newsletter will be available every two months. If you do not wish to receive the 3D3C newsletter in the future, please reply “cancel” to unsubscribe. Please contact me if you have questions. Yours Sincerely, Tim Kwok Facility Manager 3D Cell Culture Core (3D3C) Facility Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University ________________________________ [https://gallery.mailchimp.com/b7d6d1ffee56a866e499104cf/images/3e8e050f-67f…] Volume 3, April 2016 [https://gallery.mailchimp.com/b7d6d1ffee56a866e499104cf/images/10f15e72-d4d…] 3D at Purdue 3D in Focus 3D in Publications 3D in Meetings 3D at Purdue Bumsoo Han, Purdue University Professor of mechanical engineering, has been working on developing a chip that stimulates the tumor "microenvironment". One of his goals is to use such system to test the effectiveness of nanoparticles and drugs that target cancers. His work makes use of 3D bioprinting to create the tumor-microenvironment-on-chip (T-MOC) device with mimicry of aspects of the complex environment around tumors necessary to assess movements of particles out of blood vessels and within the tumor tissue. The idea is to use this system to gather information about the ways by which nanoparticles move through the microenvironment. The T-MOC chip is about 4.5 centimeters (1.8 inches) square. It consists of three-dimensional microfluidic channels in which tumor cells and endothelial cells are embedded within extracellular matrix and under perfusion of interstitial fluid regulated by pressure reservoirs. In theory, to target the tumor tissue effectively without harming the rest of the body, agent delivery particles can be used that are small enough to pass through the pores located in blood vessels surrounding tumors but also large enough not to pass though the pores of vessels present in healthy tissue. The endothelial cells in the normal blood vessels are well organized and have only small pores in the tight junctions that connect them. However, the endothelial cells in blood vessels around tumors are not well-organized. Notably, larger pores than normal are present. Logically, once injected in the blood stream agent delivery particles of well-chosen size should be capable of selectively moving out of the vessels only in the tumor tissue. However, the pressure of "interstitial fluid" inside tumors is greater than that of the surrounding healthy tissue. The greater pressure inside the tumor may push out most drug-delivery systems and imaging agents, leaving only a small percentage of them inside the tumor. This is why there is a need for a better understanding of movements of agent delivery particles in the tumor surroundings. Professor Han’s research group constructed the T-MOC chip (see Figure) by embedding human breast cancer and endothelial cells in the extracellular matrix, a spongy, scaffold-like material made of collagen I, as a main component, located in a compartment called the interstitium in living tissues. The transport of nanoparticles and its variation have been studied by the Han’s team with respect to tumor microenvironmental parameters such as cut-off pore size, interstitial fluid pressure, and tumor tissue microstructure. Findings confirm that nanoparticles should be designed by taking into account their dynamic interactions with the tumor microenvironment. This work was highlighted in Purdue Today (by Emil Venere March 1 2016) and part of the results have been published in the Journal of Control Release*. * Kwak B, Ozcelikkale A, Shin CS, Park K, Han B Simulation of complex transport of nanoparticles around a tumor using tumor-microenvironment-on-chip Journal of Controlled Release 194 (2014) 157–167 [https://gallery.mailchimp.com/b7d6d1ffee56a866e499104cf/images/7f57d7b3-f8e…] Drawing of the T-MOC (courtesy of Dr. Bumsoo Han) ________________________________ 3D in Focus In this newsletter editorial, we chose to highlight work done to study how three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments may increase the reprogramming efficacy of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Caiazzo M, Okawa Y, Ranga A, Piersigilli A, Tabata Y, Lutolf MP Defined three-dimensional microenvironments boost induction of pluripotency. Nat Mater. 2016 Mar; 15(3):344-52. Indeed standard 2D cell culture systems have had only limited success in terms of iPSC yield. The iPSCs are reprogrammed somatic cells prepared from a variety of tissue sources and genetic background. These cells can proliferate without limit and also maintain the potential to generate derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers (ectoderm, endoderm, or mesoderm), as such being the potential sources for different cell types like neurons, cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes. Therefore, iPSCs can be a powerful tool for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, drug screening, and precision medicine. Improving the yield of iPSCs will be greatly necessary and important in its future application in disease modeling and therapy. In the experiments by Caiazzo et al., the enhanced power of the 3D microenvironment over standard 2D cell culture on the induction efficacy of pluripotency was first confirmed by embedding mouse embryonic stem cells in poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels. In the subsequent study on iPSCs from somatic origin, the authors engineered a mouse system expressing the four Yamanaka factors (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc) that are known to be essential for the induction of pluripotency in somatic cells. Achievement of pluripotency was monitored by an Oct4–GFP (green fluorescence protein) reporter system. Mouse tail-tip fibroblasts were encapsulated in the PEG-based hydrogels and the reprogramming efficacy was subsequently assessed based on the number of Oct4–GFP-positive iPSC colonies forming in the gels. The authors proposed that the 3D microenvironment keeps cells in an active proliferation state throughout the entire reprogramming process and that the production of iPSCs might be faster under 3D culture conditions. Following the use of a 3D high-throughput screening approach to simultaneously probe 128 unique microenvironmental conditions, the authors concluded that the use of PEG-hydrogels with stiffness between 300 and 600 Pa, the enrichment of the microenvironment with laminin or EpCAM in the hydrogels, and the activation of the Wnt pathway, all led to marked improvements in reprogramming efficacy. Importantly, the physical confinement of cells imposed by the 3D microenvironment increased the reprogramming efficacy (measured by the number of colonies formed) of both mouse and human iPSCs by more than two-fold. Experiments also showed that early steps during reprogramming in 3D cell culture that lead to the formation of colonies, may cause both chromatin remodeling and accelerated mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, two key events for the initiation of iPSC generation. Moreover, the increase in reprogramming efficacy comparable to that of PEG was also demonstrated in cells embedded in Matrigel. Overall, the study demonstrates that the modulation of the microenvironment in 3D cell culture is crucial to improve reprogramming effectiveness to a level that may not be achievable with 2D cell culture. ________________________________ 3D in Publications Recent publications on 3D culture (please click to access the list on our web page https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility) Review<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#reviews> The research articles and reviews are arranged in the following categories: Scaffold free/Scaffold Organ/Tissue/Cell Others Spheroids<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#spheroids> Organoid<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#organoid> Scaffold<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#scaffold> Hydrogel<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#hydrogel> Matrix<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#matrix> Microfluidics<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#microfluidic> Microfabrication<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#microfabrication> Adipocyte<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#adipocyte> Bone<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#bone> Bone Marrow<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#bonemarrow> Breast<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#breast> Colon<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#colon> Heart<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#heart> Liver<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#liver> Lung<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#lung> Muscle<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#muscle> Nerve<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#nerve> Prostate<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#prostate> Endothelial cells<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#endothelialcells> Fibroblast<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#fibroblast> Stem Cells<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#stemcells> Stromal Cells<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#stromalcells> Plant Cells<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#plantcells> Cancer/Tumor<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#cancer> Screening<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#screening> 3D bioprinting<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#3dbioprinting> Imaging<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#imaging> Quantitation<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#quantitation> ________________________________ 3D in Meetings 3D Cell Culture 2016 (3DCC 2016) Date: 18th to 21st April 2016 Location: Freiburg, Germany Organized by: DECHEMA, Gesellschaft für Chemische Technik und Biotechnologie e.V Website: http://www.dechema.de/3DCC2016.html 3rd 3D Models & Drug Screening Conference Date: 11th to 12th May 2016 Location: Berlin, Germany Website https://www.gtcbio.com/conferences/3d-models-drug-screening-overview Contact Person - Kristen Starkey Event enquiries email address - infogtcbio(a)gtcbio.com Deadline for abstracts/proposals: 2016-04-11 Organized by: GTCbio Healthcare of the Future: Analytics, Wearables, 3D Printing and Digital Innovations conference 2016 Date: 15th to 17th June 2016 Location: Sydney, Australia Website: http://claridenglobal.com/conference/au-digitalhealthcare2016/ Contact person: Sherin Edward Organized by: Clariden Global International Limited Organ-on-a-Chip World Congress & 3D-Culture 2016 Date: 7th July to 8th July 2016 Location: Boston, USA Website: https://selectbiosciences.com/conferences/index.aspx?conf=OOACWC2016 Bioprinting & 3D Printing in the Life Sciences Date: 21st to 22nd July 2016 Location: Singapore Website: http://selectbiosciences.com/conferences/index.aspx?conf=BIO3D Contact person: Paul Raggett 2nd EACR Conference on Goodbye Flat Biology: Models, Mechanisms and Microenvironment Date: 2nd to 5th October 2016 Location: Berlin, Germany Website: http://www.eacr.org/goodbyeflatbiology2016/index.php Contact person: Roger Doxat-Pratt The meeting should be of interest to all those who use cancer cell lines, patient-derived tissue samples or primary cultures in vitro for the study of tumour biology, bioengineering and biochemistry, drug target validation, etc. Organized by: European Association for Cancer Research Deadline for abstracts/proposals: 20th June 2016 Organoids: Modelling Organ Development and Disease in 3D Culture Date: 12th to 15th October 2016 Location: EMBL Heidelberg, Germany Website: http://www.embo-embl-symposia.org/symposia/2016/EES16-07/index.html Organized by: EMBL 3D Bioprinting Date: 13th October to 14th October 2016 Location: Cambridge, UK Website: https://selectbiosciences.com/conferences/index.aspx?conf=BPEURO2016 Organized by: SELECTBIO

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First floor Men's Restroom closed tomorrow Wednesday the 11th
by Totten, Mary J 10 May '16

10 May '16

Everyone, We are closing the men's first floor restroom tomorrow from 5AM - 11:00AM for a complete cleaning. Sorry for the inconvenience. Thank you, Mary Jo Totten Birck Nanotechnology Center Discovery Park/Purdue University 1205 West State Street BRK 1220 West Lafayette, IN 47907-2057 (765) 496-1173 Life is 10% what happens to you and 90% how you react to it. Charles R. Swindoll

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