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Use of Birck facilities
by Peroulis, Dimitrios 10 Feb '17

10 Feb '17

Dear Members of the BNC Research Community, It has been brought to our attention that some researchers have been using Birck equipment without logging into our equipment scheduling systems (previously Coral, now transitioning to iLabs). This prevents proper scheduling and billing. Violating this policy prevents us from properly charging the appropriate grants/contracts as the rates are determined based on expenses and income for each equipment. This may jeopardize the Birck financial and legal status. We urge everyone in the community to make an effort to properly use these tools in order to avoid such issues. We hope everyone understands that willingly violating this policy may result in not only burdening other groups with higher rates but also problems with the federal and state governments as well. Thanks for paying attention to this important issue. For any questions, please feel free to communicate directly with any member of the Birck leadership team. Dimitri ________________________________________________________________________________ Dimitrios Peroulis Professor, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Deputy Director, Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University 1205 West State Street West Lafayette, IN 47907-2057 tel: (765) 494-3491 email: dperouli(a)purdue.edu<mailto:dperouli@purdue.edu> http://sites.google.com/site/peroulisteam/ ________________________________________________________________________________

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BNC E-news for the week of Feb. 13th
by Anthrop, Heather L 10 Feb '17

10 Feb '17

ALL-USER MEETING CLEANROOM PRINTER NANODAYS Physical Vapor Deposition Run Durations SEMINAR ALL-USER MEETING Did you miss the All-User Meeting? You have until Friday March 31st to go through the slideshow with your professor and hand in the signed paper work to BRK 1220. http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/birck/operations/safety.php has the slideshow and paperwork you need to fill out. Cleanroom Printer A user brought to our attention an issue with the gowning room printer. It frequently jams when cleanroom paper is fed through. Birck uses a couple of different cleanroom papers, so Lorraine is going to consult with local printer suppliers, and actually take samples of our papers to them, in order to find a suitable printer for our needs. Headphones in the Cleanroom Though we don't have an official policy against the use of headphones in the cleanroom. We would strongly discourage there use. The staff has observed situations on a number of occasions where individuals have almost run into each other because one of the two were listening to headphones. With the use of chemicals and delicate samples being processed it only stands to reason that this distraction could have a negative impact on the operations of the cleanroom, especially form a safety standpoint. Stephen Birck Safety Officer NANODAYS Dear Birck faculty and students, We are planning our yearly NanoDays outreach event, for April 6th and 7th from 9am - 2pm and Girl Scout/Birck Family Evening for April 5th 6-8pm. As in years past, we would really appreciate having some research groups provide demonstration/activity tables alongside our standing lineup of activities. They are generally aimed at kids in elementary school up to high school. Please contact me ndilley(a)purdue.edu<mailto:ndilley@purdue.edu> by February 24th, 2017 if you would like your group to have an activity table at this year's Nanodays. Thank you very much for your interest in engaging kids in science! Best regards, Neil -- Neil R. Dilley Research Scientist Birck Nanotechnology Center , Rm 1010 1205 West State St. West Lafayette, IN 47907-2057 765-496-6080 Purdue's Birck Nanotechnology Center has an exciting volunteer opportunity for students in the technical, education, and management fields. Participants will have the opportunity to: * Gain professional experience explaining scientific concepts to people from non-technical backgrounds. * Support the future of STEM programs by introducing grade schoolers and high school students to the miniscule world of atoms, molecules, and nanoscale forces. * Participate with other students/researchers in a nationwide festival celebrating nanotechnology science and education. Since 2010, the Birck Nanotechnology Center at Discovery Park has participated in NISE NanoDays, a program that promotes science and technology education nationwide. Volunteers will staff activity stations and assist visitors as they investigate different scientific concepts. Some example activities for 2017 include static electricity, DNA, and ultraviolet light. No prior knowledge is required to volunteer, just an enthusiasm for science and science education. Local vendors will be providing food for volunteer training and all three days of the event. Volunteers can attend any or all of the following shifts: Wednesday: 4/5/17, 5:30 PM - 8:00 PM Thursday: 4/6/17, 8:45 AM - 11:30 AM 4/6/17, 11:15 AM - 2:00 PM Friday: 4/7/17, 8:45 AM - 11:30 AM 4/7/17, 11:15 AM - 2:00 PM Training is mandatory and will be provided in the Birck atrium. The schedule is: Tuesday: 3/28/17, 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM (Pizza Party) 6:00 PM - 7:30 PM (Training Sessions) Interested volunteers can sign up here. (http://tinyurl.com/ztb83wz) A full list of activities can be found here. (http://tinyurl.com/hzbkkna) Questions can be directed to volunteer coordinators Joon Park (park218(a)purdue.edu<mailto:park218@purdue.edu>), Justin Wirth (jcwirth(a)purdue.edu<mailto:jcwirth@purdue.edu>), and Sean Rinehart (srinehar(a)purdue.edu<mailto:srinehar@purdue.edu>). Physical Vapor Deposition Run Durations We received an input this week about pumping speeds of our various PVD systems (evaporators and sputtering systems). We are evaluating these to see if it makes sense to adjust the standard run times per equipment. SEMINAR Flat Photonics Using High Contrast Metastructures Connie J. Chang-Hasnain Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California, Berkeley, CA Monday, Feb 13 from 10:30 AM - 11:30 AM Birck 1001 A new class of planar optics has emerged using near-wavelength structures with a large refractive index contrast with its surroundings, known as high contrast metastructures (HCM). Many extraordinary properties can be designed top-down based for integrated optics on a silicon substrate. Using a 1D HCM (known as high contrast gratings) as a high reflectivity mirror, we demonstrated wavelength- sweptable vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) with 10 MHz tuning speed and continuous tuning range. Such wavelength-swept lasers have applications for data communications, LIDAR and optical coherent tomography applications. A single layer HCG can also be designed as high quality-factor surface-normal resonators. I will review recent results using and its applications as biosensor, 4-wave generation, and spatial light modulator. Finally, we also demonstrated a novel design that mimics the color tuning effect of chameleon skin with color change achieved simultaneously in a multiple-color pattern flat structure. In this talk, I will review the physics, experimental demonstrations and novel applications.

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3D Cell Culture Training Workshop - March 23&24 2017
by Kwok, Tim 07 Feb '17

07 Feb '17

[https://gallery.mailchimp.com/b7d6d1ffee56a866e499104cf/images/71dbbe7e-258…]

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Notification of Scheduled Data Network Outage for Portions of 8 Campus Buildings -- ITaP Change Management RFC #7873
by Totten, Mary J 06 Feb '17

06 Feb '17

Importance: High WORK TO BE PERFORMED: From 10:00 PM on 2/15/17 to 1:00 AM on 2/16/17, the ITaP Data Networks Team will be performing work that will cause a disruption of data network services for some clients. AFFECTED CLIENTS: Some ITaP data network clients in the following buildings should plan to experience disruption of wired data network connectivity (via data PIC) and wireless data network services (via PAL3.0). 1. Birck Nanotechnology Building (BRK) 2. Knoy (Maurice G.) Hall of Technology (KNOY) 3. Krannert Building (KRAN) 4. Gerald D and Edna E Mann Hall (MANN) 5. Grant Street Parking Garage (PGG) 6. Potter (A.A.) Engineering Center (POTR) 7. Smith Hall (SMTH) 8. Stewart Center (STEW) Attached is a list of the affected data PICs for these buildings. SCOPE OF WORK: During the scheduled outage window, affected client(s) should plan to experience 1 service disruption lasting up to 30 minutes in duration. If you have any questions or concerns about this work please don't hesitate to let us know. Thanks much. Duane =============================== Duane Kyburz, Network Engineer Purdue University - ITaP, IT Infrastructure Services Data Networks Team Office: 765-496-8226 Mobile: 765-490-4755 Fax: 765-494-6620 Email: storm(a)purdue.edu<mailto:storm@purdue.edu> ===============================

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Dr. ONO Seminar today at 11am in BRK 1001 and Dr. Tsuchida Seminar today at 2pm in BRK 1001
by Turner, Jaime J 03 Feb '17

03 Feb '17

************** Development of Iontronics Dr. Shimpei ONO Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Japan Institute Neel, University of Grenoble Alps and CNRS, France Friday, February 3rd at 11:00 am; Birck 1001 Abstract: Electric field control of charge carrier density has long been a key technology to tune the physical properties of condensed matter, exploring the modern semiconductor industry. One of the big challenges is to increase the maximum attainable carrier density, however it is limited by the quality of gate dielectrics. In this talk, I’m going to show the new technique to modulate carrier density making use of ionic liquid electrolytes. With electrolyte gating, we can modulate up to 10^15/cm2 of carrier density at the interface which is 2 orders of magnitude larger than conventional gate dielectrics and demonstrate that we can indeed control metal-to-insulator and ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition by electric-field effect doping. I also will show our recent progress using ionic liquid electrolytes. *************** Recent Advances in 4H-SiC Crystal Growth and Defect Control for High-Performance Power Devices Dr. Hidekazu Tsuchida Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Japan Friday, February 3rd at 2:00 pm Birck 1001 Abstract: After brief introduction of CRIEPI and the research topics in Electronic Materials Sector of Materials Science Research Laboratory, our recent achievements in 4H-SiC crystal growth and defect imaging and control techniques will be shown. The topics will include fast CVD bulk growth, large-diameter epitaxial growth, high-resolution or 3D imaging of extended defects and control of point and extended defects, toward high-throughput production of high-quality 4H-SiC wafers and realizing high-voltage and low-loss power devices. Bio: Hidekazu Tsuchida, Dr., Deputy Associate Vice President, Sector Leader, Electronic Materials, Materials Science Research Laboratory, CRIEPI. Entered CRIEPI in 1992 and started SiC crystal growth and characterization in 1994 toward realizing next generation power devices for high-voltage power transmission and distribution. Recent research interests include fast 4H-SiC bulk growth by high-temperature CVD, large-diameter thick epitaxial growth and defect control for high-quality crystals and high-performance devices. Since 2016, chief secretary of Advanced Power Semiconductor Division of Japanese Applied Physics Society. ************************************

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BNC E-news for the week of Feb. 6th
by Anthrop, Heather L 03 Feb '17

03 Feb '17

NANODAYS SEMINAR TRAVEL NANODAYS Dear Birck faculty and students, We are planning our yearly NanoDays outreach event, for April 6th and 7th from 9am - 2pm and Girl Scout/Birck Family Evening for April 5th 6-8pm. As in years past, we would really appreciate having some research groups provide demonstration/activity tables alongside our standing lineup of activities. They are generally aimed at kids in elementary school up to high school. Please contact me ndilley(a)purdue.edu<mailto:ndilley@purdue.edu> by February 24th, 2017 if you would like your group to have an activity table at this year's Nanodays. Thank you very much for your interest in engaging kids in science! Best regards, Neil -- Neil R. Dilley Research Scientist Birck Nanotechnology Center , Rm 1010 1205 West State St. West Lafayette, IN 47907-2057 765-496-6080 Purdue's Birck Nanotechnology Center has an exciting volunteer opportunity for students in the technical, education, and management fields. Participants will have the opportunity to: * Gain professional experience explaining scientific concepts to people from non-technical backgrounds. * Support the future of STEM programs by introducing grade schoolers and high school students to the miniscule world of atoms, molecules, and nanoscale forces. * Participate with other students/researchers in a nationwide festival celebrating nanotechnology science and education. Since 2010, the Birck Nanotechnology Center at Discovery Park has participated in NISE NanoDays, a program that promotes science and technology education nationwide. Volunteers will staff activity stations and assist visitors as they investigate different scientific concepts. Some example activities for 2017 include static electricity, DNA, and ultraviolet light. No prior knowledge is required to volunteer, just an enthusiasm for science and science education. Local vendors will be providing food for volunteer training and all three days of the event. Volunteers can attend any or all of the following shifts: Wednesday: 4/5/17, 5:30 PM - 8:00 PM Thursday: 4/6/17, 8:45 AM - 11:30 AM 4/6/17, 11:15 AM - 2:00 PM Friday: 4/7/17, 8:45 AM - 11:30 AM 4/7/17, 11:15 AM - 2:00 PM Training is mandatory and will be provided in the Birck atrium. The schedule is: Tuesday: 3/28/17, 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM (Pizza Party) 6:00 PM - 7:30 PM (Training Sessions) Interested volunteers can sign up here. (http://tinyurl.com/ztb83wz) A full list of activities can be found here. (http://tinyurl.com/hzbkkna) Questions can be directed to volunteer coordinators Joon Park (park218(a)purdue.edu<mailto:park218@purdue.edu>), Justin Wirth (jcwirth(a)purdue.edu<mailto:jcwirth@purdue.edu>), and Sean Rinehart (srinehar(a)purdue.edu<mailto:srinehar@purdue.edu>). SEMINAR Dr. Anant Agarwal The Revolution in Wide Band Gap Power Devices Wednesday, February 8th at 11:00 am EE room 317 For more information please visit: http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/birck/events/index.php?view=2243 TRAVEL Getting the conference room rate when booking Conference hotels in Concur Log in to Concur Travel & Expense Using 'Trip Search' select air, then hotel or just hotel. Once the reservation process is nearly completed, but not confirmed, the 'Trip Booking Information' page will give the traveler/delegate the opportunity to enter information in the 'Comments for the Travel Agent'. This is where the traveler/delegate should enter the name of the conference, conference room rate and any codes which will trigger the conference room rates. Please see the attached pdf file for additional information.

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BNC Seminars (Monday Jan 30, 11am; Friday Feb 3, 11am and 2pm)
by Shakouri, Ali 29 Jan '17

29 Jan '17

Dear All, I encourage you to attend the following seminars (see the abstracts below): · Development of Electrochemical Tools for Preventive Care Using Paper, Microfluidic and Spectroscopy o Prof. Frédérique Deiss from IUPUI o Monday Jan. 30th, 11am; Birck 1001 · Development of Iontronics (ionic liquid electrolytes for novel field effect devices) o Dr. Shimpei Ono, Researcher at CRIEPI, Japan and Institute Neel, France o Friday February 3rd, 11am; Birck 1001 · Recent Advances in 4H-SiC Crystal Growth and Defect Control for High-Performance Power Devices (giving also a brief overview of CRIEPI) o Dr. Hidekazu Tsuchida, Deputy Associate Vice President, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Japan o Friday February 3rd, 2pm; Birck 1001 Best regards, Ali ************************************ Development of Electrochemical Tools for Preventive Care Using Paper, Microfluidic and Spectroscopy Prof. Frédérique Deiss IUPUI Monday, January 30th at 11:00 am Birck 1001 Abstract: High-technology was critical to push progress in diagnostics, monitoring of patients, drug discovery and biological and chemical analysis. The past decades also saw a large effort towards low-cost diagnostics tools for point-of-care (POC) due the cost, maintenance and infrastructure associated with it preventing a global access to those hi-tech tools. Paper is available everywhere and although we use it less and less at home or in the office with the all-electronic era, paper can be an interesting substrate for scientists. Light-weight, versatile, flexible and globally available, paper is a good candidate for portable, low-cost and simple platforms that permit efficient and convenient analysis at the POC. Electrolytes imbalances measured in blood or sweat are also useful for health assessment as well as nutrition quality control. Ion-selective electrodes (ISE) usually utilized can be fragile, costly, and subject to biofouling. We are generating micronutrients sensing platforms based on voltammetric solid-state ion-sensing, using potassium as first target. A particular appeal of this analytical method is its high potential for miniaturization. We will develop ion-sensing nano-electrodes permitting quantification of ionic analytes at specific locations typically unreachable with ISE such as in between cells in a 3D culture. We are also developing paper-based devices for easy in-field collection and detection of anions such as chlorate and bromate. They are used in explosives, pesticides, weed killers and thus can also be harmful when present at high concentrations in drinking water. Paper can also support culture of bacteria. By combining culture capabilities and electrochemistry, we are generating electrochemical paper-based devices for the culture and detection of bacteria. To quantify bacteria with high sensitivity and without pre-concentration by culture, we are designing a reverse electrochemiluminescent (ECL) assay, where bacteria confined in small droplets will decrease the amount of electrochemically generated light. In parallel to demonstrating the ECL detection of bacteria, sub-team of our group work on the design and fabrication of microfluidic generator of droplets out of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). In our interdisciplinary research group, we combine Electrochemistry with other area of Chemistry-Physics, Materials and Biology to generate innovative bioanalytical tools. Our objective is to improve public and global health through better diagnostics and preventive testing Bio: Frédérique Deiss was born in North-East of France and moved to Bordeaux (South-West of France) for her Engineering degree in Chemistry and Physics from the National Engineering school of Chemistry and Physics of Bordeaux, in 2006. She received her PhD in Chemistry-Physics in 2009, from the University of Bordeaux, working on opto-electrochemical biosensors using optical fibers with Professor Neso Sojic. During her PhD, she was also a visiting scholar at Tufts University, Boston and in the Italian Universities of Venice and Padova. Frédérique held a postdoctoral position at Harvard University with George Whitesides and then at the University of Alberta, Edmonton in Canada until joining IUPUI. She started as an assistant professor in the department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology of IUPUI in August 2015. Her group develops bioanalytical tools (assays, devices, ...) to help improve preventive care using in particular electrochemistry. ************** Development of Iontronics Dr. Shimpei ONO Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Japan Institute Neel, University of Grenoble Alps and CNRS, France Friday, February 3rd at 11:00 am; Birck 1001 Abstract: Electric field control of charge carrier density has long been a key technology to tune the physical properties of condensed matter, exploring the modern semiconductor industry. One of the big challenges is to increase the maximum attainable carrier density, however it is limited by the quality of gate dielectrics. In this talk, I’m going to show the new technique to modulate carrier density making use of ionic liquid electrolytes. With electrolyte gating, we can modulate up to 10^15/cm2 of carrier density at the interface which is 2 orders of magnitude larger than conventional gate dielectrics and demonstrate that we can indeed control metal-to-insulator and ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition by electric-field effect doping. I also will show our recent progress using ionic liquid electrolytes. *************** Recent Advances in 4H-SiC Crystal Growth and Defect Control for High-Performance Power Devices Dr. Hidekazu Tsuchida Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Japan Friday, February 3rd at 2:00 pm Birck 1001 Abstract: After brief introduction of CRIEPI and the research topics in Electronic Materials Sector of Materials Science Research Laboratory, our recent achievements in 4H-SiC crystal growth and defect imaging and control techniques will be shown. The topics will include fast CVD bulk growth, large-diameter epitaxial growth, high-resolution or 3D imaging of extended defects and control of point and extended defects, toward high-throughput production of high-quality 4H-SiC wafers and realizing high-voltage and low-loss power devices. Bio: Hidekazu Tsuchida, Dr., Deputy Associate Vice President, Sector Leader, Electronic Materials, Materials Science Research Laboratory, CRIEPI. Entered CRIEPI in 1992 and started SiC crystal growth and characterization in 1994 toward realizing next generation power devices for high-voltage power transmission and distribution. Recent research interests include fast 4H-SiC bulk growth by high-temperature CVD, large-diameter thick epitaxial growth and defect control for high-quality crystals and high-performance devices. Since 2016, chief secretary of Advanced Power Semiconductor Division of Japanese Applied Physics Society. ************************************

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BNC E-news for the week of January 30th
by Anthrop, Heather L 27 Jan '17

27 Jan '17

AFM Upgrades Leybold Pump Time NanoDays Volunteers Needed Poster Printing Seminars AFM Upgrades A user suggested that Birck acquire a new AFM with photoconductive mode. We will put this on our equipment roadmap for future purchase consideration, thanks for the input. Leybold Pump Time A user noted that Leybold e-beam evaporator pump time is becoming longer to the point of causing standard run times to exceed the normal 4-hour window. We will check maintenance, do a cryo-pump regeneration, and get the pump time back in order. In the meantime please send notification to Kenny if runs exceed 4 hours and we will adjust the billings accordingly. NanoDays Volunteers Needed NanoDays will be held the evening of April 5, and during the days of April 6 & 7. Many volunteers are needed! Please see Justin Wirth, Sean Rinehart, or Joon Park from the engineering staff to sign up to participate and inspire young minds to careers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math!! Poster Printing [http://www.clipartkid.com/images/248/would-enormously-appreciate-if-you-wou…] The Discovery Park Poster Lab is now located in MANN, room 116. Please share the attached Spring 2017 Poster Lab Hours and Guidelines with your faculty, staff and students. If you have any questions, please let me know. Thanks, Maria Maria Longoria-Littleton Engagement Operations Manager Burton D. Morgan Center for Entrepreneurship | Room 120D | W. Lafayette, IN Office: 765.494-0015 | Mobile: 765.430.7176 | Email: mlongori(a)purdue.edu<mailto:mlongori@purdue.edu> ______________________________________________________________ Seminars Dr. Frederique Deiss Monday, January 30th at 11:00 am Birck 1001 Development of Electrochemical Tools for pReventive Care Using Paper, Microfluidic and Spectroscopy For more information, please visit: http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/birck/events/index.php?view=2240 Dr. Shimpei ONO Friday, Febuary 3rd at 11:00 am Birck 1001 Development of Iontronics For more information, please visit: http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/birck/events/index.php?view=2232#<http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/birck/events/index.php?view=2232%23> Dr. Hidekazu Tsuchida Friday, February 3rd at 2:00 pm Birck 1001 Recent Advances in 4H-SiC Crystal Growth and Defect Control for High-Performance Power Devices For more information, please visit: http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/birck/events/index.php?view=2233

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BNC E-news for the week of January 30th
by Anthrop, Heather L 27 Jan '17

27 Jan '17

AFM Upgrades Leybold Pump Time NanoDays Volunteers Needed Poster Printing Seminars AFM Upgrades A user suggested that Birck acquire a new AFM with photoconductive mode. We will put this on our equipment roadmap for future purchase consideration, thanks for the input. Leybold Pump Time A user noted that Leybold e-beam evaporator pump time is becoming longer to the point of causing standard run times to exceed the normal 4-hour window. We will check maintenance, do a cryo-pump regeneration, and get the pump time back in order. In the meantime please send notification to Kenny if runs exceed 4 hours and we will adjust the billings accordingly. NanoDays Volunteers Needed NanoDays will be held the evening of April 5, and during the days of April 6 & 7. Many volunteers are needed! Please see Justin Wirth, Sean Rinehart, or Joon Park from the engineering staff to sign up to participate and inspire young minds to careers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math!! Poster Printing [http://www.clipartkid.com/images/248/would-enormously-appreciate-if-you-wou…] The Discovery Park Poster Lab is now located in MANN, room 116. Please share the attached Spring 2017 Poster Lab Hours and Guidelines with your faculty, staff and students. If you have any questions, please let me know. Thanks, Maria Maria Longoria-Littleton Engagement Operations Manager Burton D. Morgan Center for Entrepreneurship | Room 120D | W. Lafayette, IN Office: 765.494-0015 | Mobile: 765.430.7176 | Email: mlongori(a)purdue.edu<mailto:mlongori@purdue.edu> ______________________________________________________________ Seminars Dr. Frederique Deiss Monday, January 30th at 11:00 am Birck 1001 Development of Electrochemical Tools for pReventive Care Using Paper, Microfluidic and Spectroscopy For more information, please visit: http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/birck/events/index.php?view=2240 Dr. Shimpei ONO Friday, Febuary 3rd at 11:00 am Birck 1001 Development of Iontronics For more information, please visit: http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/birck/events/index.php?view=2232#<http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/birck/events/index.php?view=2232%23> Dr. Hidekazu Tsuchida Friday, February 3rd at 2:00 pm Birck 1001 Recent Advances in 4H-SiC Crystal Growth and Defect Control for High-Performance Power Devices For more information, please visit: http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/birck/events/index.php?view=2233

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3D3C Newsletter - December 2016
by Kwok, Tim 27 Jan '17

27 Jan '17

Dear All, Below please find the seventh issue of the newsletter of the 3D Cell Culture Core (3D3C) Facility of the Birck Nanotechnology Center. The newsletter is also available online (https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news) The four sections in the newsletter are: 3D at Purdue – this section highlights 3D cell culture-based research activity at Purdue 3D in focus – this section presents the current work on a specific 3D cell culture model or technique 3D in publications – this section brings a collection of recent publications on 3D cell culture 3D in meetings – this section includes a list of upcoming meetings related to 3D cell culture The newsletter will be available every two months. If you do not wish to receive the 3D3C newsletter in the future, please reply “cancel” to unsubscribe. Please contact me if you have questions. Yours Sincerely, Tim Kwok Facility Manager 3D Cell Culture Core (3D3C) Facility Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University ________________________________ [https://gallery.mailchimp.com/b7d6d1ffee56a866e499104cf/images/3e8e050f-67f…] Volume 7, December 2016 [https://gallery.mailchimp.com/b7d6d1ffee56a866e499104cf/images/10f15e72-d4d…] 3D at Purdue 3D in Focus 3D in Publications 3D in Meetings 3D at Purdue Engineered Tissues Using Electrohydrodynamic Based 3D Printing The tumor microenvironment is a complex, multicomponent system that drives cancer cell processes such as proliferation, senescence, and metastasis. However, the roles of individual components of the tumor microenvironment can be difficult to evaluate. Factors such as the type and conformation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, the spatial patterning of cells, and the mechanical properties of the local tissue environment all contribute to driving the transition of cancer cells from a proliferative state into a more invasive (metastatic) phenotype. The Solorio lab is currently utilizing a 3D polymer fiber writing system that allows for the fabrication of hyper-porous polymer scaffolds with patterned fiber architectures. These structures consist of only 3% solid polymer material, and can be used to support complex networks of ECM proteins. The scaffolds maintain mechanical integrity under tensile and compressive forces from cells or convective fluid flow, and can be modified to provide surface functionality as well as control over mechanical properties. The low polymer mass minimizes interference of the scaffold with interactions between the cells and ECM proteins, while enhancing the mass transport of oxygen and nutrients. Utilizing a dynamic coating technique, protein fibrillogenesis is achieved within the open area of the polymeric constructs, resulting in a 3D network of ECM fibrils that fills the free volume of the scaffold. This dynamic coating technique has been used to create scaffolds with collagen, laminin, and fibronectin networks. These modular engineered microenvironments can be seeded with a variety of cell types, enabling investigation of cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions. As such, key elements of the native cancer microenvironment can be replicated. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the successful culture of primary human metastatic breast cancer cells obtained from clinical samples of pleural effusions and ascites, providing a potential avenue for chemotherapeutic drug screening as part of precision medicine strategies. [https://gallery.mailchimp.com/b7d6d1ffee56a866e499104cf/images/4d320c02-8d6…] Figure 1: Scaffolds are coated with fibronectin fibrils, filling the free volume of the scaffold (fibronectin green). Cells can then be seeded onto the scaffold and allowed to proliferate to create 3D engineered tissue (actin red, nucleus blue). Luis Solorio Assistant Professor Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Selected Publications: 1. Xie F, Deng X, Kratzer D, Cheng K, Friedmann C, Qi S, Solorio L, Lahann J. Backbone-degradable polymers prepared by chemical vapor deposition, Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2017, 56: 203 –207 2. Solorio L, Exner AA. Effect of the subcutaneous environment on phase sensitive in situ forming implant drug release, degradation, and microstructure. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015; 104(12): 4322-28. 3. Solorio L, Perera RH, Wu H, Gangolli M, Silverman E, Hernandez C, Peiris PM, Broome, AM, Exner AA. Nanobubble ultrasound contrast agents for enhanced delivery of thermal sensitizer to tumors undergoing radiofrequency ablation. Pharmaceutical Research, 2014; 31(6): 1407-17. 4. Patel RB*, Solorio L*, Wu H, Krupka T, Exner AA. Effect of injection site on in situ implant formation and drug release in vivo. Co-first author, Journal of Controlled Release, 2010 Nov 1;147(3): 350-8. ________________________________ 3D in Focus Microfluidic devices and spatial confinement - Does fluid volume matter for cell differentiation? Microfluidics-based cultures of cells, such as hepatocytes, are being developed as platforms for toxicology and tissue engineering applications in which cells need to be properly differentiated. For convenience, like to achieve high-throughput, cell cultures might not include a complete 3D environment (e.g., multiple layers of cells in the liver), and might only recapitulate the minimal structural and functional unit of the tissue, which renders the maintenance of differentiation more difficult. The microfluidics-based devices are popular because they permit the study of a very small population of cells and the precise control of the composition and continuous perfusion flow pattern of the medium bathing the cells. It is known that the medium flow is necessary to maintain the differentiation status of cells. However, in the device, the cells are arbitrarily cultured in a small volume of medium to minimize the use of reagents and fit in the microfluidic system; yet, we do not understand the impact of fluid volume on differentiation and what would happen if the fluid circulation were not an option for certain experiments. The objective of the article highlighted in this newsletter was to investigate the spatial confinement (i.e., small volume) effect on cellular differentiation, a usually less studied aspect of the tissue microenvironment. Featured article: Haque A, Gheibi P, Gao Y, Foster E, Son KJ, You J, Stybayeva G, Patel D, Revzin A. Cell biology is different in small volumes: endogenous signals shape phenotype of primary hepatocytes cultured in microfluidic channels. Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 29; 6:33980. doi: 10.1038/srep33980. 3D3C overview of the article: Primary rat hepatocytes were cultured on collagen I coated low-volume microfluidic channels; the microchamber was 1 μl in volume. Instead of continuous perfusion, the medium inside the microchambers was changed every 48 hours to allow time to witness the spatial confinement effect. The authors showed that hepatocytes cultured in the microchambers retained a differentiated hepatic phenotype for 21 days. The differentiation phenotype was illustrated by the presence of cellular polarity, high levels of E-cadherin and albumin synthesis. The levels of E-cadherin expression, albumin synthesis, and cellular polarity were impaired when the local volume in the microchambers was increased from 1 μl to 30 μl. Likewise, cells cultured in standard 12-well plates under identical conditions (same surface coating, seeding density and medium composition), but with a large amount of medium per well, were dedifferentiated after seven days. Therefore, spatial confinement in microfluidic devices, in addition to or in place of medium flow, is able to maintain the differentiation status of cells for a long period of time. The authors further showed that the differentiated phenotype was maintained at least by accumulation of hepato-inductive growth factors, such as hepatocyte growth factor, and reduction in hepato-disruptive growth factors, such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, in the microchambers. According to the authors, spatial confinement, even though it has not been seen as an option, may be an important alternative in microfluidic devices to maintain the normal function of cells when continuous flow is not possible. As it seems that spatial confinement in microchambers will help maintain the differentiation of cells, we are wondering if spatial confinement is also an important factor in vivo. We should keep in mind that the design of microfluidic devices ought to recapitulate as much as possible the conditions under which cells are in tissues. Hence, the volume of fluid or movement should mimic what exists in the tissue microenvironment. This step is currently difficult to implement because the spatial characteristics of the fluid surrounding individual cells or groups of cells in a given tissue is rarely known. The analysis of spatial confinement in real tissue is an element of the next frontier to help improve 3D cell culture devices. ________________________________ 3D in Publications Recent publications on 3D culture (please click to access the list on our web page https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility) Review<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#reviews> The research articles and reviews are arranged in the following categories: Scaffold free/Scaffold Organ/Tissue/Cell Others Spheroids<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#spheroids> Organoid<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#organoid> Scaffold<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#scaffold> Hydrogel<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#hydrogel> Matrix<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#matrix> Microfluidics<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#microfluidic> Microfabrication<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#microfabrication> Bone<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#bone> Bone Marrow<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#bonemarrow> Breast<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#breast> Colon<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#colon> Heart<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#heart> Liver<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#liver> Lung<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#lung> Muscle<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#muscle> Nerve<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#nerve> Prostate<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#prostate> Endothelial cells<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#endothelialcells> Fibroblast<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#fibroblast> Stem Cells<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#stemcells> Stromal Cells<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#stromalcells> Cancer/Tumor<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#cancer> Screening<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#screening> 3D bioprinting<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#3dbioprinting> Imaging<https://nanohub.org/groups/3d3cfacility/news#imaging> ________________________________ 3D in Meetings SPIE BiOS 2017 - Part of SPIE Photonics West 2017 Date: 28th January to 2nd February 2017 Location: San Francisco, CA, USA Website: http://spie.org/SPIE-BiOS-conference Contact person: Customer Service BiOS 2017, part of SPIE Photonics West 2017, is the world’s largest biomedical optics and biophotonics conference. Topics range from biomedical optics, photonic diagnostic and therapeutic tools and systems, nano/biophotonics, and more! Organized by: SPIE - The international society for optics and photonics Deadline for abstracts/proposals: 18th July 2016 3D Cell Culture 2017 Date: 22nd to 23rd February 2017 Location: London, United Kingdom Website: https://go.evvnt.com/69495-0 Contact person: Honey de Gracia Organized by: SMi Group Deadline for abstracts/proposals: 21st February 2017 Keystone Symposia - Engineered Cells and Tissues as Platforms for Discovery and Therapy Date: 9th to12th March 2017 Location: Boston, Massachusetts, United States Website: https://www.keystonesymposia.org/17K1 Contact: Phone: 1 800-253-0685; Email: info(a)keystonesymposia.org<mailto:info@keystonesymposia.org> Organized by: Keystone Symposium

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