April 2024 - Bmegradstudents-list

BME-IBSC PhD Preliminary Exam Announcement for Brenna Vaughn (L. Solorio, advisor)
by May, Sandra M 03 Apr '24

03 Apr '24

BME-IBSC PhD Preliminary Exam Announcement for Brenna Vaughn (L. Solorio, advisor) Everyone is invited to attend the public presentation beginning at 3:30 PM. Title: Transglutaminase-2 Enables Cluster-Mediated Resistance in HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer Cells Date: April 16, 2024 Time: 3:30 PM Location: MJIS 2001 Committee: Luis Solorio, Chair; Leopold N. Green; Sherry L. Harbin; Michael K. Wendt Abstract: Breast cancer has killed more than 18 in 100,000 women per year in the United Sates for the past 20 years. Approximately 20-25% of newly diagnosed tumors are human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive. HER2-positive tumors carry an increased risk of metastasis in which the disease spreads to other parts of the body. Early or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer can be treated with the antibody-drug conjugate ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1). However, resistance to T-DM1 and disease progression is common. In some metastatic lesions, Transglutaminase 2 (TG2), an enzyme that catalyzes crosslinking reactions, is upregulated. We demonstrate the ability of HER2-transformed human mammary epithelial cells (HME2) overexpressing TG2 to gain resistance to T-DM1 in vitro. We additionally show that T-DM1 preserves an epithelial cell population with accelerated growth on fibronectin coated coverslips. Furthermore, we demonstrate a cluster size-based pattern of therapeutic resistance. We utilize mouse models of lung metastases and mammary tumors to generate models of resistance alongside in vitro applications. This work demonstrates the ability of HER2- transformed human mammary epithelial cell clusters to form T-DM1 surviving proliferative epithelial cell populations.

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BME Master's Defense Announcement for June Hyung Kim (T. Kim, advisor)
by May, Sandra M 03 Apr '24

03 Apr '24

BME Master's Defense Announcement for June Hyung Kim (T. Kim, advisor) Everyone is invited to attend the public presentation beginning at 12:30 PM. Title: Probing the roles of actin dynamics in the cytoskeleton of animal and plant cells Date: April 16, 2024 (Tuesday) Time: 12:30 PM Location: MJIS 2001 Committee: Taeyoon Kim, Chair; Chris J. Staiger; Daniel M. Suter Abstract: The actin cytoskeleton is a dynamic structure that regulates various important cellular processes, such as cell protrusion, migration, transport, and cell shape changes. Cells employ different actin architectures best suited for each of these functions. We have employed an agent-based model to illuminate how the actin cytoskeleton plays such functions in animal and plant cells, via dynamic interactions between molecular players. Lamellipodia found in animal cells are two-dimensional actin protrusion formed on the leading edge of cells, playing an important role in sensing surrounding mechanical environments via focal adhesions. Various molecular players, architecture, and dynamics of the lamellipodia have been investigated extensively during recent decades. Nevertheless, it still remains elusive how each component in the lamellipodia mechanically interacts with each other to attain a stable, dynamic steady state characterized by a retrograde flow emerging in the branched actin network. Using the agent-based model, we investigated how the balance between different subcellular processes is achieved for the dynamic steady state. We simulated a branched network found in the lamellipodia, consisting of actin filament (F-actin), myosin motor, Arp2/3 complex, and actin crosslinking protein. We found the importance of a balance between F-actin assembly at the leading edge of cells and F-actin disassembly at the rear end of the lamellipodia. We also found that F-actin severing is crucial to allow for the proper disassembly of an actin bundle formed via network contraction induced by motor activity. In addition, it was found that various dynamic steady states can exist. The actin cytoskeleton in plant cells plays a crucial role in cellular transport and cytoplasmic streaming, and its structure is very different from actin cytoskeleton in animal cells. The plant actin cytoskeleton is known to show distinct dynamic behaviors with homeostasis. We used the agent-based model to simulate the plant actin cytoskeleton with the consideration of the key governing mechanisms, including F-actin polymerization/depolymerization, different types of F-actin nucleation events, severing, and capping. We succeeded in reproducing experimental observations in terms of F-actin density, length, nucleation frequency, and rates of severing, polymerization, and depolymerization. We found that the removal of nucleators results in lower F-actin density in the network, which supports recent experimental findings.

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BME Master's Defense Announcement for Scott Malloy (V. Rayz, advisor)
by May, Sandra M 03 Apr '24

03 Apr '24

BME Master's Defense Announcement for Scott Malloy (V. Rayz, advisor) Everyone is invited to attend the public presentation beginning at 2:30PM EST. Title: Predictive Modeling of Mechanical Platelet Activation in Fibromuscular Dysplasia Date: 04/15/24 Time: 2:30PM EST Room: MRGN 121 Zoom link: https://purdue-edu.zoom.us/j/93127263250?pwd=WFg3MzI1eEhMaG1hUk16aEkrYUN1QT…<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpurdue-ed…> Meeting ID: 931 2726 3250 Passcode: 492627 Committee: Dr. Vitaliy Rayz (Chair) Dr. Scott Cameron Dr. Craig Goergen Abstract: Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) is a non-inflammatory, non-atherosclerotic blood vessel disorder characterized by a series of narrowed and dilated regions of vasculature. These patients are prescribed blood thinners or anti-platelet therapeutics as treatment to this systemic disease. Current image-based diagnostic methods cannot reliably predict a patient's risk of stroke in order to properly manage medication. There are also challenges in distinguishing FMD from other diseases that can cause arterial obstructions, e.g., atherosclerosis or vasculitis. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop a methodology for evaluating the risk of mechanical platelet activation based on medical imaging. Our hypothesis is that subject-specific assessment of platelet activation due to hemodynamic stress can improve risk stratification of FMD patients. The aims of the projects were therefore to 1) Develop a CFD-based methodology for estimating platelet activation state, and 2) Test this methodology on a small cohort of subjects with FMD, carotid artery stenosis, and healthy controls. A modeling workflow was developed, combining Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches to compute flow fields and evaluate shear stress history of particles advected through the vascular geometries. From this stress history, predictive estimates of mechanical platelet activation can be calculated utilizing a platelet activation state (PAS) metric. We applied this modeling workflow to assess platelet activation in segments of carotid arteries of patients with Fibromuscular Dysplasia, Carotid Artery Stenosis, and healthy controls for comparison against experiments performed at the Cleveland Clinic assessing mechanical platelet activation in patients with each of these conditions. This work supports the development of a patient-specific determination of these same metrics, in order to more precisely assess patient risk of stroke.

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[Bmeroundtable-list] Special BME Seminar - Dr. Ram Iyer - Tues., April 9
by Gelfand, Johanna K 03 Apr '24

03 Apr '24

*Note: Dr. Iyer is being considered for a BME Adjunct appointment. He will have time available from 3:30-4:15 p.m. for individual meetings with faculty. Contact Aaron Lottes (lottes(a)purdue.edu<mailto:lottes@purdue.edu>) to schedule. He will also be presenting in BME 562 from 4:30-5:45 in MJIS 1001. [cid:image001.jpg@01DA85AE.91F5CDE0] SPECIAL BME RESEARCH SEMINAR AND OPEN Q&A Tuesday, April 9, 2024 2:30 - 3:30 pm, MJIS 2001 "Pediatric Medical Device Development: Applying scientific principles for moderate risk devices" [cid:image002.jpg@01DA85AE.91F5CDE0] Ram Iyer, Ph.D Senior Director of Global Regulatory Science Cook Medical Abstract: While there are number of publicly available guidance documents and initiatives from FDA to promote pediatric device development for unique pediatric populations and conditions, there is still an underserved need to ensure that proper scientific and regulatory balance is applied for moderate risk devices. Real world clinical evidence specific to pediatrics, while carrying an important role in meeting pre-market requirements and continued post market requirements for high-risk devices, may become a limiting factor for moderate risk devices. Leveraging existing adult clinical data for extrapolation to pediatric uses for both non-clinical and clinical evidence can play a role by facilitating a thorough assessment of the safety and effectiveness of the device for the pediatric population and will be highlighted through case examples. Biography: Dr. Iyer earned his BS BME from the University of Mumbai, India, and both his MS and PhD in BME from the University of Southern California. He has 15 years of medical device industry experience at Cook Medical where he is currently Senior Director of Global Regulatory Science for the MedSurg business unit. In this position, Ram is responsible for strategic regulatory and clinical leadership for MedSurg products that represent a broad range of medical specialties and approximately half of Cook's revenue (i.e., ~$1B annually). He is experienced in guiding complex medical products through various US regulatory pathways (e.g., PMA, HDE, de novo, 510(k)) as well as approval processes in global jurisdictions including Europe, China, and Japan. ~ BME Host: Aaron Lottes ~ *Note: Dr. Iyer is being considered for a BME Adjunct appointment. He will have time available from 3:30-4:15 p.m. for individual meetings with faculty. Contact Aaron Lottes (lottes(a)purdue.edu<mailto:lottes@purdue.edu>) to schedule. He will also be presenting in BME 562 from 4:30-5:45 in MJIS 1001. -- Bmeroundtable-list mailing list Bmeroundtable-list(a)ecn.purdue.edu https://engineering.purdue.edu/ECN/mailman/listinfo/bmeroundtable-list

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[Bmeroundtable-list] SPAM ALERT: Send me your available cell number
by Gelfand, Johanna K 02 Apr '24

02 Apr '24

SPAM alert for distribution. (Thank you, Dr. Babbs!) DO NOT respond to any such requests. They are phishing/spam plagues… Jo ________________________________ From: Nan Kong <marshallpamela6080(a)gmail.com<mailto:marshallpamela6080@gmail.com>> Sent: Tuesday, April 2, 2024 3:43 PM To: Babbs, Charles F <babbs(a)purdue.edu<mailto:babbs@purdue.edu>> Subject: Send me your available cell number You don't often get email from marshallpamela6080(a)gmail.com<mailto:marshallpamela6080@gmail.com>. Learn why this is important<https://aka.ms/LearnAboutSenderIdentification> ---- External Email: Use caution with attachments, links, or sharing data ---- Nan Kong Interim Head, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Professor of Biomedical Engineering 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive West Lafayette, IN 47907-2032 Purdue University -- Bmeroundtable-list mailing list Bmeroundtable-list(a)ecn.purdue.edu https://engineering.purdue.edu/ECN/mailman/listinfo/bmeroundtable-list

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BME Master's Defense Announcement for Siting Zhang (L. Solorio, advisor)
by May, Sandra M 02 Apr '24

02 Apr '24

BME Master's Defense Announcement for Siting Zhang (L. Solorio, advisor) Everyone is welcome to attend the public presentation beginning at 11:00am. Title: A Thermally Responsive Osmotic Pump Drug Delivery System for in-vivo Targeting for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Date: Monday, April 15th Time: 11:00 AM Location: DLR 131 Zoom link: https://purdue-edu.zoom.us/j/92132903950<https://nam04.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpurdue-ed…> Committee: Luis Solorio, PhD (Chair) Craig J. Goergen, PhD David J. Cappelleri, PhD Abstract: Approximately 2.39 million Americans suffer from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an autoimmune disorder that is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Current treatment options for IBD, which are limited, include oral medications, surgery, and supportive care. These therapeutics often times are not effective and are associated with high toxicity. Thus, there is a pressing clinical need for a therapy that can be delivered both locally and precisely, while also having an improvement in efficacy and lower toxicity. This study introduces three novel microrobot designs fabricated using stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing, which aims to address the challenges seen in IBD treatment. The microrobots utilize a reservoir design to encapsulate the drug for an on-demand release, allowing for improved control and precision. The SLA microrobots were evaluated for cytotoxicity as well as drug release capabilities in a multitude of variabilities. While the microrobots exhibited acute toxicity at 24 hours, they demonstrated much higher cell viability in 48 hours. Initial, proof-of-concept drug release experiments using blue food dye and paraffin wax that melted at 70 °C demonstrated varying release profiles for the different microrobot designs, with no statistical difference between all three designs. Finally, a thermally sensitive wax cap was introduced where mineral oil was combined with the paraffin wax to control the drug release, demonstrating its potential for on-demand, localized delivery, where promising results show statistically significant results in two out of the three microrobot designs. The results in this study are a progression for future research in developing targeted and effective drug delivery systems for IBD treatment using microrobot-based systems. Future work includes the optimization of materials and methodology, along with in vivo studies, to further improve the progression of osmotic pump microrobots for drug delivery. The integration of microrobots in IBD therapy has the capability to significantly improve patient outcomes and quality of life, offering a more efficient and less toxic treatment approach.

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