BME Summer Seminar Series
Wednesday, August 9th, 2023
9:30-10:30 AM EST
Via Zoom Meeting – link below*
Evaluation links:
You Zhou: https://purdue.ca1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_0qUJQEh8KBS4Y0S
Peter Zoss:
https://purdue.ca1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_4UcA7tS8PZvpFKS
Assessing the Cost-Effectiveness of Public Health Policy for Smoking Control through Microsimulation Modeling on Cardiovascular Disease
You Zhou (Nan Kong, advisor)
Abstract:
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the leading cause of deaths in the US, accounting for more than 877,500 deaths every year which is one third of all deaths. To reduce its heavy burden on the healthcare system, prevention-based public health policies targeting
CVD become the focus through promoting healthy behaviors and managing risk factors, as well as reducing health disparities with improved access to care for vulnerable populations. However, with limited data from the long-term large-scale population studies,
public health practitioners and policymakers can’t assess the cost and effectiveness of policy implementation well. Instead, microsimulation model (MSM) has been employed as a powerful tool to analyze the public health policy. In our project, we adapted the
well-established and validated MSM (CVD Policy Model) for tobacco tax policy analysis in New York city with incorporation of 2 key factors: 1) illicit market and 2) secondhand smoke exposure. We simulated each individual’s CVD (e.g., stroke and coronary heart
disease) trajectory, and estimated the associated health cost reduction and the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained by implementing tax policy to reduce cigarette consumption and secondhand smoke exposure for adults in NYC. In the model, the population
socioeconomical and health profiles were sampled from NYC Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset and the relative risk of secondhand smoke exposure on CVD were pooled from the recent meta-analyses. Our preliminary results show that the additional
tobacco tax can be cost-effective (defined as <$50,000 per QALY) even with substantial illicit market. Benefits from nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke shouldn’t be ignored in the analysis which contributes over 27% of total incremental QALYs.
On the Structure-Function Relationships of the Mouse Common Peroneal Nerve for Bioelectronic Pain Management in Joint Disorders
Peter Zoss (Matthew Ward, advisor)
Abstract: Arthritis is a common joint disorder that causes pain, swelling, and stiffness. An estimated 24% of adults in the US have some form of arthritis, including
rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis (OA), and posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), where the joint degenerates more rapidly following an injury. Arthritis has no cure, with pain being the most prominent and persistent symptom. Current management techniques
for PTOA rely heavily on pharmaceutical approaches such as anti-inflammatory and painkiller medications, each with their own side effects and complications. Novel effective and durable intervention techniques are necessary. My research explores the structure-function
relationship of nerves that supply the murine knee. My primary aim is to identify the morphology and extracellular signaling characteristics of the nerve fibers that transmit pain-related information to the central nervous system (CNS) in a PTOA model. MicroLeads
cuff electrodes with 130 µm inner diameters and 0.15 mm spacing between the two platinum plated leads were implanted in the hindlimbs of 8 C57BL/6J mice to record and stimulate the common peroneal nerve, a branch of the sciatic nerve that is responsible for
the sensation to portions of the leg and knee joint. Single-ended recordings from multiple cuff electrode leads showed spontaneous and evoked SFAP activity and allowed for the discrimination of afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) activity. ECAP signals
were then collected with bipolar cuff electrodes in response to a variety of stimulus parameters, giving insight into the composition of the nerve and providing a basis for feedback-controlled stimulation targeted to pain-related fibers. Targeted stimulation
is key in neural-based interventions as only unmyelinated C fibers and A-delta fibers carry pain signals. These results show the potential for a targeted feedback-controlled system of peripheral nerve activity, which could lead to personalized PTOA management
devices that are responsive to individual pain management needs.
https://purdue-edu.zoom.us/j/98231659969?pwd=T21Oa1B6QzFyQzFvckMzS1doNGlJUT09
Meeting ID: 982 3165 9969
Passcode: biomedical